阅读理解

阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择选项中选出最佳的一项，并把它前面的大写字母填入左边的括号里。
（一）
Deep inside a mountain near Sweetwater in East, Tennessee is a body of water known as the Lost Sea. It is listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the world’s largest underground lake. The Lost Sea is a part of extensive and historic cave system called Graihead Caverns.
The caverns have been known and used since the days of the Cherokee Indian nation. The Cave expands into a series of huge rooms from a small opening on the side of the mountain. One mile from the entrance, in a room called “The Council Room”, many Indian artist facts have been found.
For many years it had been considered that there was a large underground lake somewhere in a cave, but it was not discovered until 1905. In that year, a 13-year-old boy named Ben Sands crawled into a small opening three hundred feet underground, he found himself in a large cave half filled with water.
Today tourists visit the Lost sea and ride far out in glass-bottomed boats. More than thirteen acres of water have been mapped out so far and still no end of the lake has been found. Even though teams of divers have tried to explore the Lost Sea, the full extent of it is still unknown.
( )1.The Lost Sea is unique because it is.
A.part of a historical cave system
B.the biggest underground lake in the world
C.listed in the Guinness Book of World Records
D.the largest body of water in Tennessee
( )2.The Craighead Caverns have been known .
A. through history B. since the time of the Indian nations
C. since 1905 D. since divers explored them
( )3.Who located the Lost Sea in recent times?
A. The Cherokee Indians. B. Tourists.
C. Ben Sands.D. Scientists
( )4.It can be inferred from the passage that the Craighead Caverns presently serve as.
A. an underground testing site B. an Indian meeting ground
C. a tourist attraction D. a motor boat race course
(二)
Human needs seem endless. They might be regarded as making up several levels. When
there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.
The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War I1, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is. the feed in comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.
On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.
A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
( )1. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when
A. he has saved up enough money
B. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter
C. he has satisfied his hunger
D. he has learned to build houses
( )2. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War II, most Americans
A. were very richB. lived in poverty
C. did not own automobiles D. had their own automobiles
( )3. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?
A. The more goods the better.
B. The more mental satisfaction the better.
C. The more “luxury” items the better.
D. The more earnings the better.
( )4.The author tends to think that the fifth level
A.would be little better than the fourth level
B.may be a lot more desirable than the first four
C.can be the last and most satisfying level
D.will become attainable before the government takes actions
(三)
At the University of Kansas art museum, scientists tested the effect of different colored walls on two groups of visitors to an exhibit of paintings. For the first group the room was painted white; for the second, dark brown . Movement of each group was followed by an electrical equipment under the carpet. The experiment showed that those who entered the dark brown room walked more quickly, covered more area, and spent less time in the room than people in the white one . Dark brown made people more active, but the activity ended sooner. Not only the choice of colors but also thegeneral appearance of a room affects those inside. Another experiment presented people with photographs of faces whose energy was to be commented. Three groups of people were used; each was shown the same photos, but the first group was in an ordinary room, the second was in a nice office and the third was in a tastefully designed living room with a carpet. Results showed that the people in the beautiful room tend to give higher marks to the faces than those in the ugly room did . Other studies suggest that students do better on tests taken in comfortable rooms than in ordinary – looking or ugly ones.
( )1.Which of the following is the best expression of the main idea of this passage?
A. People in beautiful rooms tend to give higher marks to photos of faces than people in ugly rooms.
B. The color and general appearance of a room have a deeper effect on the behavior of the people in it
C. The University of Kansas has studied the effects of the color of a room on people’s behavior.
D. Beautifully furnished ,light- colored rooms make people more comfortable than ugly,
Dark rooms.
( )2.What is referred to as the “general appearance” in the passage is.
A.how many broad windows a room has , through which sunlight might come in
B.the size of a room
C.whether there are beautiful walls in a room
D.what the room looks like
( )3.This passage provides us with .
A. a piece of scientific information B. a normal lesson
C. an interesting testD. a piece of news
( )4.At least how many tests were carried out by the scientists referred to in this passage?
A. ThreeB. Two C. Only one.D. Four
(四)
There are many commonly held beliefs about eyeglasses and eyesight that are not proved facts. For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes. But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age. Wearing the wrong glasses, however, can prove harmful. Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop lose of vision if they have the wrong glasses.
We have all heard some of the common myths about how eyesight gets bad. Most people believe that reading in dim light causes pool eyesight, but that is unique. Too little light makes the eyes work harder, so they do get tired and strained. Eyestrain also results from reading a lot, reading in bed, and watching too much television. But, although eyestrain may cause some pain or headaches, it does not permanently damage eyesight.
Another myth about eyes is that they can be replaced or transferred from one person to another.
There are close to one million nerve fibers that connect the eyeball to the brain, and as if it is impossible to attach them all in a new person. Only certain parts of the eye—the cornea and the retina—can be replaced. But if we keep clearing up the myths and learning more about the eyes, some day a full transplant may be possible!
( )1.This passage is mostly about.
A. different types of eyeglassesB. a visit to the eye doctor
C. myths about eyesightD. cornea transplants
( )2.One cause of eyestrain mentioned in the passage is .
A. wearing contact lenses too longB. going to the movies
C. reading a lotD. not visiting your eye doctor
( )3.From this passage one can conclude that.
A. doctors are still learning things about eyesight
B. headaches are only caused by eyestrain
C. everyone should wear glasses
D. people only believe things that are proved facts
( )4.The word “develop” is used to mean.
A. become largerB. create C. train D. acquire
(五)
Crocodiles(鳄鱼)lay their eggs and leave them under leaves or sand. Baby crocodiles have special sharp teeth with which to break their way out of the shells.
Crocodiles only live where it is hot. They are found in India, Australia, Africa and America. They spend most of their time lying around the mud or in the rivers. The crocodile’s long powerful tail is used when the animal is swimming. It is also an excellent weapon, because it can be swung with great speed and force. One blow will knock down a man or even a big animal at once. The crocodile is very well protected against its enemies by the hard bony plates which cover most of its body, but because of the way its neck is formed, it cannot turn its head from side to side and so it can only see things in front of itself. The crocodile has its teeth. This helps the crocodile, Which cannot clean its own teeth, for it cannot move its tongue up and down . With its rows of terrible pointed teeth it seizes its food, which may be a fish, an animal, or even a careless human being, and then holds it below the water until it is drown to death.
The long-nosed crocodile is shy and timid and because of this ,the people of West Africa where it lives, sometimes catch it for food. Many , many centuries ago there were crocodiles in England. We know this because we have found their bones buried far down in the earth on which London is built.
But the Britain of today is too cold for them to live in. Crocodiles may grow to over thirty feet in length. When they lie floating in the water, they look like floating tree-trunks and it is often impossible to tell that they are there.
( )1.The female crocodile.
A. buries her eggsB. sits on her eggs
C. carries her eggsD. eats her eggs
( )2.The crocodile kills its food.
A. over the water B. beside the water
C. under the waterD. on the water
( )3.The West Africans catch the crocodile because it is.
A. wild and cruel B. shy and timid
C. stupid and slowD. slow and shy
( )4.Wild crocodiles are not seen in England now because.
A. they have all been shotB. they are too dangerous
C. they are all hiding under the earth
D. they could not get used to the cold weather
(六)
In June of 1973, nine whales beached on the Florida coast. Beaching means swimming out of the ocean onto the beach, and usually dying there. No one knows why they do it, but a number of whales beach themselves every year. Some people think beaching is an accident.
  Perhaps the whales get confused. Scientists who studied the beaching of three dozen whales in Australia think the whales may have been confused by loud noises, Whales can tell where they are by sounds. They send out sounds and listen as they travel past or bounce off objects. Two days before these thirty-six whales beached, loud guns had been fired for two hours. The loud sounds may have confused the whales. Their confusion might have caused them to wander into low water.
  Whatever reason whales beach, it is a sad event.   People try to save them, but very few beached whales live. One whale that was rescued from beaching in Florida lived for forty-five days. That is the longest time a beached whale has ever survived. And it lived that long only because it got attention from doctors.
  All over the world, scientists rush to whales’ beaching as soon as they hear about them. They hope to learn why whales beach, and how to save them.
( )1. The subject of this passage is ______.
A. the Florida Beaches B. Beached Whales
C. Whale Sounds D. Medical Treatment of Whales
( )2. One reason whales beach may be ______.
A. because they are hungry B. because they are attacked
C. that people can study them D. that they are confused
( )3. Whales’ beaching are sad events because ______.
A.people know the whales are going to die
B.the whales have to be carted away and buried
C.the whales cannot be used as food
D.no one can use the beach on those days
( )4. To make the point that beached whales do not survive, the author uses
A. the opinions of famous peopleB. a vivid word picture
C. an example D. a firsthand story
(七)
There are no inevitable outcomes of social class in child rearing. At the same time, there is no question that social class is important factors in how children are raised and the kind of adults that children become. Regarding social class, sociologists have found that parents socialize their children into the behaviors and norms of their work worlds. Members of the working class are closely supervised and are expected to follow explicit rules at their jobs. If they do not follow the precise rules and do as they are told, they will not keep their jobs. Their experience influences how they deal with their children. As a result, their concern is less with their children's motivations and more with their children's outward conformity. Thus they are more apt to use physical punishment in managing their children. On the other hand, middle-class parents, who are expected to take more initiative on the job, are more concerned that their children develop curiosity, self-expression, and self-control. They are also more likely to withdraw privileges or affection than to use physical punishment.
( )1.They word “explicit” means .
A. vague B. difficultC. confusingD. clearly defined
( )2.According to this passage, working- class parents are more likely than middle-class parents to .
A. use physical punishment for discipline
B. have children who finish college
C. have children who are out of control
D. show less love to their children
( )3.Middle-class parents will encourage their children to be .
A. self- confidentB. reliableC. curiousD. successful
( )4.This passage is about.
A.the relation between social class of the parents and their children’s rearing
B.the similarities between working class and middle class parents
C.the differences between parents of working class and the ones of middle class
D.the relation between working class and middle class in their woke places.
(八)
My friend, Emma Danicls, spent the summer of 1974 traveling in Israel. During her month-long stay in Jerusalem she often went to a café called chocolate soup. It was run by two men, one of whom, Alex-used to live in Montreal. One morning Emma went in for coffee. While chatting with her new friend Alex, she mentioned that she had just finished the book she was reading and had nothing else to read. Alex said he had a wonderful book she might like, and that he'd be happy to lend it to her. As he lived just above the café, he quickly ran up to get it. The book he handed to Emma just minutes later was Markings, a book by a former secretary-general of the United Nations (UN).
Emma had never read it, nor had she ever bought a copy, but when she opened it up, she was floored to see her own name and address inside the cover, in her own handwriting (笔迹). It was in town visiting friends. They decided to exchange (交换) addresses, but neither of them had any paper. The man opened up a book he was carrying in his backpack (背包) and asked Emma to write her name and address inside. When he returned to California, he left the book behind in Montreal, and his friend Alex kept it. When Alex later moved to Jerusalem, he took the book along.
( )1. Alex lent Emma the book, Markings, _______.
A. to show his friendliness to her
B. to show his interest in reading
C. to tell her about the importance of the UN
D. to let her write her name and address inside
( )2. How did Emma feel the moment she opened the book?
A. PleasedB. Satisfied C. WorriedD. Surprised
( )3. What did Emma see when she opened the book? _______.
A. Her own name and address in her own handing
B. The name of the owner
C. The name and address of Alex D. The signature of the author
( )4. Who was supposed to be the first owner of the book?
A. An official of the UN B. A coffee shop owner
C. A friend of the author'sD. Alex's friend from California

阅读理解答案：
（一）1.B 2.B3.C4.C
（二）1.C 2.C3.B4.C
（三）1.B 2.D3.A4.A
（四）1.C 2.C3.A4.D
（五）1.A 2.C3.B4.D
（六）1.B 2.D3.A4.C
（七）1.D 2.A3.C4.A
（八）1.A 2.D3.A4.D

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