第四部分：阅读理解（1）

（一）

The flying fox is not a fox at all. It is an extra large bat that has got a fox’s head, and that feeds on fruit instead of insects. Like all bats, flying foxes hang themselvesby their toes when at rest, and travel in great crowds when out flying. Agroup will live in one spot for years. Sometimesseveral hundreds of them occupy a single tree. As they return to the tree toward sunrise, they quarrel among themselves and fight for the best places until long after daylight.

Flying foxes have babies once a year, giving birth to only one at a time. At first the mother has to carry the baby on her breast wherever she goes. Later she leaves it hanging up, and brings back food for it to eat. Sometimes a baby bat falls down to the ground and squeaks （尖叫）for help. Then the older ones swoop （俯冲）down and try to pick it up. If they fail to do so, it will die. Often hundreds of dead baby bats can be found lying on the ground at the foot of a tree.

1.The passage tells us that there is no difference between the flying fox and the ordinary bat in ______.

A.their size

B.their appearance

C.the kind of food they eat

D.the way they rest

2.Flying foxes tend to _____.

A.double their number every year

B.fight and kill a lot of themselves

C.move from place to place constantly

D.lose a lot of their young

3.At daybreak every day flying foxes begin to _____.

A.fly out toward the sun

B.look for a new resting place

C.come back to their home

D.go out and look for food

4.Flying foxes have fights _____.

A.to occupy the best resting places

B.only when it is dark

C.to protect their homes from outsiders

D.when there is not enough food

5.How do flying foxes care for their young? ______.

A.They only care for their own babies

B.They share the feeding of their young

C.They help when a baby bat is in danger

D.They often leave home and forget their young

（二）

It is only seventy years since British women got the right to vote. Some people think this is the main reason women are so underrepresented in politics, trade unions and big businesses. Others feel it is simply that they are much too busy doing other things. The old saying “a woman’s place is in home” may seem out of date to most people, but the old, fixed image of a woman as a supporting wife and caring mother is certainly still usual——one only has to watch a few television ads.

In 1975 the law did not allow women to be paid less than men doing the same work. Certainly it is usually the case nowadays that women doing the same jobs as men get the same money, but generally women do not do the same job: they do different ones that offer lower salaries. The areas women work in are almost all those of “service” : teaching, nursing, catering and cleaning, jobs that can be seen as an extension of the mothering role.

Apart from looking after people during the day at work, women often have to take care of family at home too, which may mean they have less energy to complete in the race for professional development. In almost every field, top positions are more likely to be filled by men. While most teachers are women, for example, most headmasters are not. School cooks are women, head cooks are men and even cleaners tend to be watched over and directed by male caretakers.

1.Which of the following is true according to the passage?______.

A.Many women’s places are still in the home

B.Women’s places are no longer in the home

C.Many women’s jobs have something to do with TV

D.Women’s jobs are less important than before

2.Now women are ______.

A.doing the same jobs as men

B.in need of more new services

C.not doing the same jobs as men

D.paid more attention to than before

3.In Paragraph 2, the word “catering” may mean _____.

A. preparing meals   B. writing articles

C. running a school   D. watching TV programs

4. From the passage, we can see that _______.

A. it’s better for a woman to stay at home

B. women need much more education to deal with professional tasks

C. there is still a long way for women to go to get equal opportunities

D. women should be at the top position in their working places

5. The writer tells us that _____.

A. women are kept busy all day long

B. women usually learn things faster than men

C. some women teachers cook better than their husbands

D. some women have to do cleaning at night

(三)

Most people think that the older you get, the harder it is to learn a new language. That is because they believe that children learn more easily and efficiently than adults. Thus, at some point in our lives, maybe around age 12 or 13, we lose the ability to learn language well. Is this idea a fact or a myth?

Is it true that children learn a foreign language more efficiently than adults? On the contrary, research studies suggest that the opposite may be true. One report, on 2,200 Danish children studying Swedish, concluded that the teenagers learned more, in less time, than the younger children. Another report, on Americans learning Russian, showed a direct improvement of ability over the age range tested, that is, the ability to learn increased as the age increased, from childhood to adulthood.

There are several possible explanations for these findings. For one thing, adults know more about the world and therefore are able to understand meanings more easily than children. Moreover, adults can use logical thinking to help themselves see patterns in the language. Finally, adults have more self-discipline than children.

All in all, it seems that the common idea that children are better language learners than adults may not be a fact, but a myth.

1.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?______.

A.Teenagers are more difficult to teach than adults

B.Danish teenagers can learn Swedish faster than younger children can

C.Adults are more logical than children are

D.The ability to learn languages increases with age

2.According to the writer of the passage, ______.

A.people might lose the ability to learn foreign languages well at about 13

B.the younger a child is, the cleverer he is in language learning

C.it is easier for grown-ups to master foreign languages than teenagers

D.it is a good idea to let people learn foreign languages when they get old

3.All of the following were mentioned in the passage about the advantages that adults have when they learn foreign languages except that ______.

A.adults know more about the world

B.adults can use logical thinking

C.adults have more self-discipline

D.adults can read better

4.In the last paragraph of the passage, the phrase “ all in all” means ______.

A. all the people  B. in spite of

C. on the whole   D. on the contrary

5. This talk claims that ______.

A. the ability to learn decreases with age

B. children are better language learners than adults

C. adults are able to learn more efficiently than children

D. teenagers learn less, in the same amount of time, than younger children

(四)

In the United States, boys and girls start school when they are five years old. In some states they must stay in school until they are sixteen. Most students are seventeen or eighteen years old when they graduate from secondary school. Another name for secondary school is high school.

Most children go to public elementary and secondary schools. The parents of public school pupils do not have to pay directly for their children’s education because tax money supports the public schools. If a child attends a private school, his parents pay the school for the child’s education.

Today about half of the high school graduates go on to colleges and universities. Some colleges and universities receive tax money from the government. A student at a state university does not have to pay very much if his parents live in that state. Private colleges and universities are expensive, however. Almost half of the college students in the United States work while they are studying. When a student’s family is not rich, he has to earn money for part of his college expenses.

1.The students in some states of the U.S. must finish _____ school until they are _____ at least.

A. high; eighteen   B. elementary; seventeen

C. secondary; sixteen    D. starting; five years old

2. In America the parents whose children go to public schools ____ for their children’s education, while the parents whose children attend private schools _______.

A. do not pay any; will pay much money

B. pay no; pay much

C. pay directly; don’t have to pay directly

D. don’t pay money directly; must pay plenty of money

3. The tax money from the states supports the public schools, doesn’t it? _____.

A. Yes, it supports      B. No, it does

C. Yes, it does     D. No, it doesn’t

4. According to the passage, a child in the U.S. can enter a college or a university only ______.

A. at the age of eighteen

B. before completing elementary school

C. before graduating from public school

D. after finishing secondary school

5. About 50 percent of the university students in the United States _____ to get _____ their college education.

A. work while studying; some money for

B. must work hard all night; earning much money for

C. work at night while study in the day; some money for

D. works while studying; part of the money for

(五)

Color helps you see things. But man and some monkeys and apes are the only mammals that see color. To any other mammal, such as the dog, the world looks like a black-and-white photo. Dogs hunt mainly by listening and sniffing. Like other animals, dogs see best when things move. The animals they hunt seem to know this. A hunted rabbit or deer will “freeze”. Then the dog may not see it at all.

Birds can see color. They need to because they fly and need to find places to land. Color helps them judge distance and shape. In this way they are able to catch bugs in the air or to land on branches.

Some birds see things even better than you do. The birds that eat bugs can see them from far away. And even a very young bird can see a hawk high in the sky. So sharp eyes and a sense of color help birds find food and also help them find where their enemies are.

1._____ can see color.

A. All the animals    B. Birds and monkeys

C. Man and dogs   D. All the mammals

2. In order to find the food, dogs mainly use their _____.

A. ears and noses   B. eyes and noses

C. eyes and ears    D. mouths and ears

3. The word “freeze” in the passage means _____.

A. the hunted animals are frozen on the ground because of cold weather.

B. the hunted animals’ temperature is becoming lower and lower until it drops below zero degree.

C. the hunted animals are so frightened that they can’t move any longer

D. the hunted animals will stop running and stay in the same place without movement

4.Color helps birds ______.

A. see better than man

B. see clearly where food and enemies are

C. see how colorful the world is

D. see better than dogs

5. To dogs, they see best when things are _____.

A. colorful   B. not moving

C. moving   D. black-and-white

答案：

（一）1-5:DDCAC

（二）1-5:ACACA

（三）1-5:DCDCC

（四）1-5:CDCDA

（五）1-5:BADBC

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