第四部分：阅读理解

(十一)

In 1638, John Harvard donated some money and about four hundred books to a new university. This was the beginning of the library at Harvard University. The gift was so important that the university was named for John Harvard

Thomas Bray began the first free lending library in the late 1600s. He set up more than 30 of these libraries in the American colonies. However, the idea for this kind of free library ended when Bray died in 1730. In 1731, Benjamin Franklin and some friends started the first subscription library in the United States. In a subscription library people pay money to become members, but they may borrow the books without paying again.

In the United States, every child had free education. This idea soon led to free libraries. One of the first libraries that used tax money to buy books was a library in Peterborough, New Hampshire, this library was set up in 1833.

1.The main idea of the paragraph 2 is _____.

A.Franklin started the first subscription library

B.In a subscription library people pay money to become members

C.Bray and Franklin were important in the history of public libraries

D.Bray died in 1730 and Franklin died in 1833

2.The word “borrow” paragraph 2 means _____.

A.read and write with no help from another person

B.use for a short time and then return

C.like very much

D.lend

3.The reading does not say it, but we can guess that _____.

A.there were free schools in the United States before there were free libraries

B.free schools and free libraries in the United States began at about the same time

C.the library in New Hampshire also had a free school in it

D.there were free libraries in the United States before there were free schools

4.Harvard University began _____.

A.in 1731

B.in 1730

C.in 1833

D.in 1638

5.At the library that Franklin started, _____.

A.children could use books for no money at all

B.people paid a little money in the beginning but none after that

C.people paid a lot of money in the beginning but none after that

D.both A and B

(十二)

Laser is a device that produces a very narrow powerful beam of light. The ability to focus laser light so precisely makes it extremely powerful. For example, some beams can pierce a diamond, the hardest natural substance. A laser beam can also be transmitted over long distances with no loss of power. Some beams have reached the moon.

The special qualities of laser light make it ideal for a variety of uses. Some types of lasers, for example, are used to play music, cut and weld metal, and transmit information. Lasers can also guide a missile to a target, repair damaged eyes, and produce beautiful displays of light. Still other lasers are used to adjust the straight line of walls and ceilings in a building or to print documents. Some lasers even can detect the slightest movement of a continent.

As a result of their wide use, lasers can be found in equipment used in homes, factories, offices, hospitals, and libraries.

1.The passage is mainly about ______.

A.how lasers developed

B.how lasers are used

C.how lasers work

D.the kind of lasers

2.Which of the following best describes what laser is? ______.

A.Laser is the hardest natural substance

B.Laser is a device used to find the position of moving or fixed objects

C.Laser can send out very sharp and powerful stream of light

D.Laser is a device that uses sound energy to find the position of objects

3.According to the passage, laser can be used in the following ways EXCEPT ______.

A.to discover the slightest movement of a continent

B.to find out what lies beneath the sea floor

C.to be used in medical operation on eyes

D.to make a hole in a very hard object

4.Why is laser so powerful? _____.

A.Because it can be transmitted over a long distance

B.Because it is a strong light

C.Because it can be precisely focused

D.Because it can travel to the moon

5.When a laser is transmitted over long distances, it will _____.

A.become narrower

B.be focused

C.lose power

D.not lose power

（十三）

The climate of any place is the kind of weather. It usually has over a long period of time. The kind of homes we live in, the clothes we wear, even the foods we eat depend on the climate of the place where we live. Climate is complicated; it is affected by many things. If you live near one of the poles, you live in a cold climate, for you do not get as much direct sunshine as you would get farther from the poles. If you live near the equator, you live in a warm or very hot climate, for this is the region where the sun shines almost straight down.

How much rain or snow falls makes a great difference to the climate. You may live in a hot, dry land, where little rain falls. This will be a desert. Its climate is quite different from that of a rain forest, which may be the same distance from the equator but rain falls almost every day. The amount of rain that falls or snow in a cold land depends upon the winds, upon the nearby mountains, and upon the currents in nearby seas. Rainfall depends on many different things.

1.Climate means _____.

A.the weather of a certain place

B.the fine, cloudy, rainy or snowy weather

C.the weather of a certain time

D.the general weather of a place over a long time

2. “…even the foods we eat depend on the climate of the place where we live.” really means_____.

A. we eat different foods according to different weather

B. the climate of a place has great effects on the foods we have

C. the climate of the place where we live gives us different foods

D. foods are different in different places

3. People living near the poles tend _____ those near the equator.

A. to have as much sunlight as

B. to have less rain than

C. to get less sunlight than

D. to get less snow than

4. Rainfalls depend on many things. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?

A. The winds

B. The nearby mountains

C. The currents in nearby seas

D. The kinds of homes we live in

5. What may be the best title for the passage?

A. Climate and Weather

B. Climate Around the World

C. Climate

D. Climate in different countries

（十四）

I worked my way up the presidency of the Ford Motor Company. When I finally got there, I was on top of the world. But then fate said to me: “Wait, we’re not finished with you. Now you’re going to find out what it feels like to get kicked off from the top.”

On July 13, 1978, I was fired. I had been president of Ford for eight years and a Ford employee for thirty-two. I had never worked anywhere else. And now suddenly, I was out of a job.

As you go through life, there are thousands of little forks in the road, and there are a few really big forks—those moments of thinking, moments of truth. This was mine as I wondered what to do. Should I pack it all in and retire. I was fifty-four years old. I had already accomplished a great deal. I was financially secure. But that just didn’t feel right. I knew I had to carry on.

A few months later, I became the president of Chrysler, a company which was almost bankrupt at that time. Fortunately, Chrysler recovered. Today I’m a hero. With strong will, with luck, and with help from lots of good people, I was able to rise up from the ashes.

1. If the author had retired in July, 1978, _____.

A. he would not be able to raise his family

B. he would not have become a great hero as he is now

C. he would have been more successful than he is now

D. he would not have been fired by Ford

2. When the author became the president of Chrysler, the company _____.

A. was having a hard time

B. was very new

C. was bigger than Ford

D. was in good condition

3. From the passage, we may conclude that the author was a(an) _____ person.

A. weak-minded

B. pessimistic

C. ordinary

D. strong-willed

4. The author became a member of Ford ______.

A. in 1978

B. in 1972

C. when he was 22

D. when he was 32

5. The article is most likely a part of ______.

A. a report to the government

B. a formal speech

C. an autobiography

D. a magazine article on social problems

(十五)

There are many kinds of ants in the world that always live in companies .they are the most hard-working creatures and most of them make their nests under ground. The small black ants that we see running back and forth in the grass are the same ants that bother us by coming to our picnics uninvited. They are not trying to be harmful, but are only doing the house-keeping job they were made for. They are nature’s clean-up crew. One of these ants, scouting in the grass, finds the trail of an injured beetle. In some mysterious way the news spreads. Soon there are two ants, then a few more. Then a dozen or more are running around the beetle. Enough ants will come to put an end to it.

Then the beetle is dead, the ants carry it away to their underground nests. They leave nothing in the grass but empty shell.

1.The ants that come to our picnics are _______.

A.looking for company

B.having fun

C.doing their job

D.trying to bother us

2.According to this passage the black ant’s job is to ______.

A. kill all beetles

B. clean up the grass

C.help injured insects

D.enjoy our picnics

3.As soon as an ant finds an injured insect, it ______.

A. makes friends with it

B. kills it

C. carries it away and eats it

D. lets other ants know

4.More ants learn about the beetle_____.

A. by smelling it

B. by hearing the sounds it makes

C. from other ants

D. from the injured beetle

5.The ants clean the grass by _____.

A.carrying away everything but the shell

B.carrying away the whole beetle

C.putting the whole beetle under the ground

D.covering the beetle with leaves

答案：

（十一）1-5:CBADB

（十二）1-5:BCBCD

（十三）1-5:AACDC

（十四）1-5:BADCC

（十五）CBDCA

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