2019(春)英语-专升本-模拟试题

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，掌握其大意。然后，从每小题的四个选项中选出可填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

Every culture and every country in the world celebrates New Year, but not everyone does it the same way. The countries in North America and Europe welcome New Year on January the first. This practice be­gan with the Romans in the Middle East, New Year is when spring begins. People inChinaandVietnamcel­ebrate it on the first day of the Spring Festival, which is the first day of their calendar based on the moon. Rosh Hashana, which is the Jewish (犹太人的) New Year, comes at the end of summer. The Hindus (印度教教徒) in India celebrate the first day of each season, so they have four New Years.In all these cultures, there is a practice of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil spirits (妖精) from their homes. Today making noise is more of a custom than a religious ritu­al (宗教仪式). In theUnited States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the new year comes, all ring bells, blow whistles, sing songs, and kiss each other. A favorite Scottish song which everyone sings together is Auld Lang Syne. The words tell of old friends and good times. In all cultures, New Year's Day is a time when people think of new beginnings. They want to make the coming year better than the last one. Many people in theUnited Statesmake New Year resolutions. These are specific promises that they make to improve their behavior, change their habits, and become better peo­ple. There are many jokes about how a person keeps his or her New Year resolutions.

1 In ancient times, the practice of making noise was meant . 【 A 】

A:to keep the evil spirits away

B:to have fun

C:to celebrate the coming of the new year

D:to keep to a custom

2 Auld Lang Syne is . 【 D 】

A:a Scottish song which says good-bye to old friends

B:a Scottish song that welcomes the coming of the new year

C:a song sung by the Scottish people only

D:a Scottish song remembering old friends and good times

3 A New Year resolution is . 【 C 】

A:made to begin a new year

B:a promise to make a joke

C:a decision to improve oneself and make one a better person

D:to be kept for the New Year's Day only

Henry was worried. This was his first time to go traveling by air. He did not know how to find his seat, so he went to the airhostess (空姐) and asked, “Could you help me? I can't find my seat.” The air hostess showed him the seat and told him to sit down and fasten the seat (系好安全带). She told Henry not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Henry's ears might feel a little strange, but he didn't need to worry about it because many people felt like that. When the plane was flying very high, Henry i could stand up and walk round. He could either read books, newspapers or see films. The airhostess would bring food and drinks. Henry could enjoy the flight and arrive home soon.

1Which of the following is right? 【 C 】

A:After getting into the plane Henry found his seat and sat down at once.

B:Henry sat down in his seat and fastened the seat belt without any help.

C:Thanks to the air hostess, Henry knew how to find his seat and fasten the seat belt.

D:With the help of the hostess, Henry got into the plane.

2 In the passage “move about” means 【 C 】

A: talk to each other  B: change his seat at that moment  C: walk here and there  D: go on moving

3 When the plane was going up, the air hostess told Henry not to worry about . 【 B  】

A: the plane

B: the strange feeling

C:his seat

D:his health

Three women who secretly buried an 80-year-old woman were put into prison at Birmingham yester­day. Two of them, including the dead woman's daughter, kept on collecting her pension (退休金) after her death until their secret was made known to others two years later. The court (法庭) heard that one of the women put on “an Oscar (奥斯卡金奖)－winning performance” by pretending to be the old woman asleep in bed when a social worker called five months after Mrs. Townsend's death.

1 Of the three women that buried Mrs. Townsend secretly, one was . 【 D 】    A: her neighbor  B: her nurse  C: a social worker D: her daughter  2 The reason for the old woman's secret burial was that the three women . 【 C 】  A: were too sad to let the public know it  B: had no money to arrange for a public funeral  C: wanted to collect the old woman's pension  D: were afraid that they might be put into prison  3 The three women were put into prison because . 【 A 】

A:they broke the law

B:they buried the old woman

C:they shared the old woman's money

D:they killed the old woman

Among various programmes，TV talk shows have covered every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one is different in style(风格). But no two shows are more opposite in content， while at the same time standing out above the rest，than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “rubbish talk”.The contents on his show are as surprising as can be. For example， the show takes the ever-common talk show titles of love， sex， cheating， and hate， to a different level. Clearly， the Jerry Springer show is about the dark side of society, yet people are willing to eat up the troubles of other people's lives. Like Jerry Springer， Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its top. But Oprah goes in the opposite direc-tion. The show is mainly about the improvement of society and different quality(质量) of life. Contents are from teaching your children lessons，managing your work week，to getting to know your neighbors. Compared to Oprah， the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being poured into society. Jerry ends every show with a "final word". He makes a small speech about the entire idea of the show. Hopeful- ly，this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable. Clean as it is，the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main viewers are middleclass Americans. Most of these people have the time， money， and ability to， deal with life's tough problems. Jerry Springer， on the other hand， has more of a connection with the young adults of society. these are 18-to-21-year-olds whose main troubles in life include love， relationship，sex，money and drug. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned through the show's exploitation.

1Compared with other TV talk shows，both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey  are . 【 B 】  A: more interesting  B: unusually popular  C: more detailed  D: more formal

2Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear unpleasant， people who

watch the shows . 【 A 】

A:remain interested in them

B:are ready to face up to them

C:remain cold to them

D:are willing to get away from them

3Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show? 【 C 】

A:A new type of robot

B:Nation hatred.

C:Family income planning.

D:Street accident.

4 We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows . 【 D 】

A:have become the only ones of its kind

B:exploit the weaknesses in human nature

C:appear at different times of the day

D:attract different people

Vienna-In spite of Iraq's decision to stop oil deliveries， the 11- nation Organization of Petroleum Expor-ting Countries ( OPEC) will not increase production to make up the shortfall， ministers decided on Tuesday in Vienna. The 11 oil ministers decided to meet again on July 3 to discuss the effects of theIraqtemporary stop. organization's president， Charkid Kheria of Algeria，said after the meeting that stocks were high 'and prices were stable，so quota increases were not necessary. The E. U. Commission has expressed concern aboutIraq's output stop. A speaker said OPEC had to take all possible measures to keep or lower the oil price. Saudi Arabia's Oil Minister Ali AI-Nuaimi had earlier said there would not be any shortfall of oil in the market.The organization had already taken steps to fill the gap，he said. OPEC Secretary General Ali Ro-driguez added that the period of Iraq's output stop was not known，so other exporters were not going to lift quotas yet. If the market was destabilized(使……动摇)，a suitable response could be made. Iraq on

Monday stopped shipments of crude oil to protest against the U. N. Security Council's decision to extend the oil-for-food programme by only a month，instead of the normal six-month renewal. Just before the Vienna meeting，oil prices had gone up，with a barrel of OPEC crude oil selling for 27. 05 dollars, up from 26. 81 dollars last Friday. North sea oil was at 29.26 dollars Monday evening. OPEC wants the oil price to stay within a margin of 22 to 28 dollars and achieved that with cuts in Janu-ary and March that reduced 2. 5 million barrels per day off quotas(配额).

1 Iraq made the decision to stop oil deliveries because . 【 B 】

A:oil price is too low in international market.

B:the U. N. Secretary Council has decided to shorten the time of extension of the oil-for-food programme

C:many oil wells were destroyed during the war in the late 1980s

D:it couldn't get enough money to develop its economy  2 the attitude the E. U. Commission took towards Iraq's output stop is . 【 B 】  A: active  B: concerned  C: cold  D: surprised  3 The 11-oil ministers decided' to meet on July 3 so that . 【 C 】

A:they can persuade Iraq to continue oil production

B:they can have a talk with the U. N. Security Council

C:they can have a discussion about the effects of Iraq's temporary output stop

D:they can make up their minds to increase oil production

4 The main idea of the passage is  . 【 C 】

A:the oil prices in the world were stable thoughIraqhas stopped oil deliveries

B:OPEC has controlled the oil price to stay within a margin of 22 to 28 dollars

C:OPEC will not increase oil production to make up the shortfall that caused by lraq

D:oil is connected with people’ s daily life

“Yes, I'll be ready at nine in the morning. Goodbye, dear, and thanks again.” It had not been an easy telephone call for Mrs. Robson to make. Her daughter had been very kind, of course, and had immediately agreed to pick her up and drive her to the station, but Mrs.

Robson hated to admit (承认) that she needed help. Since her husband had died ten years before, she had prided herself on her independence (独立生活). She had continued to live in their little house, alone. On this evening, however, she was standing at her living-room window, staring out at the SOLD notice in the small front garden. Her feelings were mixed. Naturally she was sad at the thought of leaving the house, as it was full of so many memories. But at the same time she was looking forward to spending her last years near the sea, back in the little seaside town where she had been born. With the money from the sale (出售) of the house, she had bought a little flat there. She turned from the living room window, and looked round at the room. One or two pieces of furniture remained, covered with sheets (被单). The floor was bare boards, and all her pictures had been taken from the walls. There was a small fish-tank, with two goldfish circling in it. When asked why, her husband used to say, “It's nice to have something alive in the room.” Since he had passed away, she had always kept some goldfish, had always had “something alive in the room”. The next morning, as her train was pulling out of the station, Mrs. Robson called to her daughter, “Kate, you won't forget to collect the goldfish, will you? The children will love them. It's...” “I know,” Kate interrupted (打断) gently. “It's nice to have something alive in the room.”But in the little house, the two goldfish had stopped their circling. They were floating (漂浮) on the water, in the room with its bare boards and silent walls.

1 Mrs. Robson . 【 C 】

A:was a very proud person

B:was helpless

C:did not like asking people for favors

D:wanted to live without her husband

2 On her last night in the house, Mrs. Robson was feeling . 【 D 】

A:very depressed and dismayed

B:very cheerful but completely helpless

C:proud and sad

D:a bit sad but not entirely unhappy

3 Mrs. Robson had lived in the house . 【 D 】

A:since she had sold her flat

B:for less than a decade

C:since she had been born

D:for more than ten years

4 The cause of the death of the goldfish was most probably . 【 A 】

A:lack of care

B:old age

C:the small fish tank

D:lack of water

Most people want to work, but it has become more difficult in today's world to find work for everybody. The economies (经济) of the world need to grow by 4% each year just to keep the old number of jobs for people. Often this is not possible, and so more people are out of work (失业) . Some people have no jobs now because new machines can do the work of many people in a short time. Also, machines do not ask for more money and longer holiday. In all of the countries of the world, machines are taking work from people, not on­ly in factories but also on the farms. One machine can often do the work of forty people. About 75 000 people are moving to the cities a day to look for jobs, but only 70% of them can find jobs.

1 If the economics of the world grow by 4 % each year, . 【 B 】

A:people will have no jobs

B:people can still have jobs as before

C:4 % of the people will have jobs

D:97% of the people will have jobs

2 One machine can do as much work as . 【 C 】

A:40 % of the people

B:4 % of the people in the world

C:40 people

D:75 000 people

3 How many people outside cities go .into cities to look for jobs each day? 【 D 】

A:70% of the people.

B:4% of the people in the world

C:More than 75 000.

D:About 75 000 people.

4 Which of the following is NOT true? 【 C 】

A:Machines are taking work instead of people.

B:Now more people are out of work.

C:Machines need more money and longer holidays.

D:Most people want to have jobs.

Wild and farm birds often get a flu virus. Yet they usually are able to carry the virus without getting sick.In 1997 six people in Hong Kong died of a different kind of bird flu virus. It is called the h-five-n-one virus. The Hong Kong government quickly ordered the killing of all farm birds there. That stopped the spread of h－five-n-one to people in Hong Kong. Yet the virus had already spread to other parts of Asia. It was found in 16 countries between 2003 and 2006. The h-five-n-one virus first appeared in Africa. This raised many concerns about the spread of the dis­ease. Scientists do not know exactly how bird flu came to Africa. At first, they thought wild birds were to blame. Now, officials with the U. N. Food and Agriculture Organization believe the main cause is trade in farm birds. The bird flu virus is found in the waste and liquids of infected birds. The virus spreads when healthy birds or people touch sick birds or any infected (被感染了的) part of sick birds. Right now, the virus is not spreading from person to person. But the virus could change and start spreading among people. Health officials believe that it is even more possible now that bird flu has spread in Africa, and that is why inter­ national organizations are working so hard to stop its spread. The best way to stop the spread of bird flu is to kill all the chickens in an area where bird flu has been discovered. More than 145 000 chickens have been killed inNigeriasince bird flu was first found one year ago.

1 The passage focuses on . 【 C 】

A:wild and farm birds

B:a flu virus

C:bird flu

D:infected birds

2 H-five-n-one virus in the passage means . 【 D 】

A:farm birds

B:infected farm animals

C:people died in Hong Kong

D:a different kind of bird flu virus

3 Some officials believe bird flu spread to Africa mainly due to . 【 A 】

A:the trade of farm birds

B:the waste and liquids of infected birds

C:the fact that some people touched sick birds or any infected part of sick birds

D:the virus changed and started spreading in some new forms

4 The best solution to the problem of the spread of bird flu is . 【 A 】

A:to kill all the birds in an area where bird flu has been discovered

B:to kill all the chickens

C:to kill all the birds

D:to kill all the chickens when bird flu has been discovered

When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are. People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Everything else is not so clear. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing; reading and sewing, become near­ sighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant (远处的) things clearly.People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm's length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses, too. Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people's eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them. Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle (角度). To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out of the other eye. You will find the object's relation to the background (背景) and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.

1 We should take good care of our eyes . 【 C 】

A:only when we cannot see perfectly

B:only when we can see well

C:even if we can see well

D:only when we realize how important our eyes' are

2 When things far away seem indistinct, one is probably . 【 A 】

A:near-sighted

B:far-sighted

C:astigmatic

D:suffering from cataracts

3 Having two eyes, instead of one, is particularly useful for . 【 D 】

A:seeing at night

B:seeing objects far away

C:looking over a wide area

D:judging distances

4 People who suffer from astigmatism . 【 B 】

A:have a curable disease in their eyes

B:have eyes that are not exactly the right shape

C:have a difficulty that can be corrected by an operation

D:have an eye difficulty that cannot be corrected by glasses

Computers may one day turn night into day-with good old, natural sunlight. Colossal computer-controlled mirrors, thousands of feet across, may one day orbit the earth, reflecting sunlight onto a darkened United States. Some Scientists say that 16 of these

mirrors, each about a half mile across, could aim their reflected light at one area on the earth that was about 200 miles by 300 miles. That much light would equal about 56 moons. The mirrors would be so high that they could catch the sun's light as it was shining on the other side of the earth. The mirrors could orbit thousands of miles high at the same speed as the earth turns on its axis(轴). That way, the mirrors would always be over the same spot. The aluminum-coated(涂铝的), plastic mirrors could be folded up and packed into a spaceship, according to the scientists. Once released a few hundred miles in space, the mirrors, powered by a solar-powered engine, could make the rest of the trip into space on their own. The scientists say that the computer-controlled mirrors could also be made to tilt(倾斜) slowly, so the reflected sunlight would sweep slowly along the surface of the earth. For example, as night fell, the mirrors could be tilt to light up Boston. Later on, as darkness spread slowly westward. Chicago, for example, then San Francisco could be lit up. The reflected sunlight would allow these cities to save up electricity. And in emergencies, such as power failures, the mirrors could light up the affected area. What no one knows yet is what effect this artificial daytime would have on plants, animals, and humans. Would it confuse some animals and harm plants that are used to day- night circles? The scientists recommend that studies be done to find out what the effects there might be.

1 The word" colossal" (Para. 2) most likely means . 【 C 】    A: nuclear-powered  B: orbiting  C: giant D: spinning  2 Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the mirrors? 【 B 】  A: They would be made of plastic and coated with aluminum.  B: They could be launched directly into space.  C: They would stay in the same position over the earth.  D: They could reflect sunlight to a large area on the earth.  3 The reflected light could sweep slowly over the surface of the earth because the

mirrors . 【 D 】

A:would be operated by solar-powered engines

B:would orbit thousands of miles high to catch the sun's light

C:could move around the earth at the same speed as the earth turns on its axis

D:could be made to adjust their angles

4 The purpose for turning night into day is to . 【 C 】

A:confuse animals and plants

B:light up more cities

C:save energy and deal with emergencies

D:enable people to work longer hours

5 The writer of this passage . 【 A 】

A:gives an objective account of the mirrors

B:seems to be much worried about the effects of the mirrors

C:is in favor of the wide use of the mirrors

D:suggests that the artificial daylight is harmful to living being

If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago, we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an ac- count of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question. It is the

same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most‘important happenings in their country, but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4 000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa, because they had not learned to write. Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. For most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call "remembered history". Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But where there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.

1 Which of the following ideas is not conveyed in the passage? . 【 D 】

A:"Remembered history", compared with written history, is less reliable

B:Written records of the past plays a most important role in our learning of the human history

C:A written account of our daily activities helps us to be able to answer any questions

D:Where there are no written records, there is no history

2 We know very little about the central Africa 200 years ago because . 【 D 】

A:there was nothing worth being written down at that time

B:the people there ignored the importance of keeping a record

C:the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire

D:the people there had not known how to write

3 "Remembered history" refers to . 【 D 】

A:history based on a person's imagination

B:Stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouth

C:songs and dances about the most important events

D:both B and C

4 "Remembered history" is regarded as valuable only when ? 【 B 】

A:it is written down

B:no written account is available

C:it proves to be true

D:people are interested in

5It can be inferred from the passage that we could have learned much more about our

past than we do now if our ancestors had .

【A 】

A:kept a written record of every past event

B:not burnt their written records in wars

C:told exact stories of the most important happenings

D:made more songs and dances

Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are left in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 countries are members, have shown that 45 percent of reptile species and 24 percent of butterflies are in danger of dying out. Europe concern for wildlife was outlined by Dr. Peter Baum, an expert in the environment and nature resources division of the council, when he spoke at a conference arranged by the administrators of a British national park. The park is one of the few areas in Europe to hold the council's diploma for nature reserves(自然保护区) of the highest quality, and Dr. Baum had come to present it to the park

once again. He was afraid that public opinion was turning against national parks, and that those set up in the 1960s and 1970s could not be set up today. But Dr. Baum clearly remained a strong supporter of the view that natural environment needed to be allowed to survive in peace in their own right. No area could be expected to survive both as a true nature reserve and as a tourist at-traction, he went on. The short view that reserves had to serve immediate human demands for outdoor recreation should be replaced by full acceptance of their importance as places to preserve nature for the future. "We forget that they are the guarantee of life systems, on which any built-up area ultimately depends," Dr. Baum went on. "We could manage without most industrial products, but we could not manage without nature. However, our natural environment areas, which are the original parts of our countryside, have shrunk to become mere islands in a spoiled and highly polluted land mass. "

1 Recent studies by the Council of Europe show that . 【 D 】

A:it is only in Britain that wildlife needs more protection

B:all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out

C:there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere

D:certain species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe need protecting

2 Dr. Baum, a representative of the Council, visited one particular British national park

because . 【 A 】

A:he was presenting the park with a diploma for its achievements

B:he was concerned about how the park was being run

C:it was the only national park of its kind in Europe

D:it was the only park which had ever received a diploma from the Council

3 Although it is difficult nowadays to convince the public of the importance of nature

reserves, Dr. Baum felt that . 【 D 】

A:people would support moves to create more environment areas

B:people would carryon supporting those national parks in existence

C:existing national parks would need to be more independent to survive

D:certain areas of countryside should be left undisturbed by man

4 In Dr. Baum's opinion, a true nature reserve . 【 C 】

A:could never survive in a modern age

B:should provide building for human activities

C:should be regarded as a place where nature is protected

D:could provide special areas for tourist to enjoy

5 Although we all depend on the resources of nature for our survival . 【 D 】

A:industrial products are replacing all our natural resources

B:it is only on islands that nature survives

C:we have forgotten what bur original countryside looked like

D:we have allowed areas of countryside to be spoilt by industrial development

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