2021年秋季北京交通大学网络教育专升本英语入学测试模拟题及答案31

阅读理解练习题

Passage 1

If you are like most people,your intelligence varies from season to season.You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of the year.A noted scientist,Ellsworth Huntington(1876-1974),concluded from other men’s work and his own among peoples in different climates that climate and temperature have a definite effect on our mental abilities.

He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than is summer heat.This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year.It does mean,however,that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer.

Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking.One reason may be that in spring man’s mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature.Fall is the next-best season,then winter.As for summer,it seems to be good time to take a long vaction from thinking!

1.According to this passage,your intelligence probably _________.

A.stays the same throughout the year

B.varies from day to day

C.changes with the seasons

D.changes from year to year

2.Huntington based his conclusions on __________.

A.records of changes in his own intelligence

B.work with peoples in different climates

C.records of temperature changes

D.all of the above

3.It seems that the cold of winter _________.

A.increases the ability to think

B.is the best time for thinking

C.is better for thinking than is very warm weather

D.decreases the ability to think

4.One possible reason why spring is the best season for thinking is that _____.

A.all nature,including man,is growing then

B.it lasts longer than the other seasons

C.it is not too warm and not too cold

D.both B and C

5.The two best seasons for thinking seem to be ___________.

A.spring and fall

B.winter and summer

C.summer and spring

D.fall and winter

Passage 2

Why don’t birds get lost on their long flights from one place to another?Scientists have puzzled over this question for many years.Now they’re beginning to fill in the blanks.

Not long ago,experiments showed that birds rely on the sun to guide them during daylight hours.But what about birds that fly by night?Tests with artificial stars have proved that certain night-flying birds are able to follow the stars in their long-distance flights.

A dove had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a natural sky.Yet it showed an inborn ability to use the stars for guidance.The bird’s cage was placed under an artificial star-filled sky.The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that taken by his outdoor cousins.Any change in the position of the artificial stars caused a change in the direction of his flight.

But the stars are apparently their principal means of navigation only.When the stars are hidden by clouds,they seemingly find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges,coast lines,and river courses.But when it’s too dark to see these,the doves circle helplessly,unable to find their way.

1.The reason why birds don’t get lost on long flights ________.

A.have been known to scientists for years

B.have only recently been discovered

C.are known by everyone

D.will probably remain a mystery

2.During daylight hours,birds __________.

A.wheel back and forth for nothing

B.do not fly long distances

C.use sun for guidance

D.are quite likely to get lost

3.By“his outdoor cousins”the author means _________.

A.other experimenters

B.the other doves of the same brood(n.窝)

C.doves under the natural sky

D.other birds in general

4.The experiment with the dove indicated that __________.

A.birds have to be taught to navigate

B.a bird that has been caged will not fly long distances

C.some birds cannot fly at night

D.some birds seem to follow the stars when they fly at night

5.In total darkness,doves _________.

A.use landmarks to find their way

B.don’t know which way to fly

C.make their return flight

D.wait for the stars to appear

Passage 3

Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do,and home has become much less of a workshop.Clothes can be bought ready made,washing can go to the laundry,food can be bought cooked,canned or preserved,bread is baked and delivered by the baker,milk arrives on the doorstep,meals can be had at the restaurant,the works’canteen,and the school dining room.

It is unusual now for father to continue his trade or other employment at home,and his children rarely,if ever,see him at his place of work.Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation,and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls.The young wage-earner often earns good money,and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence.In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work,but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child’s home life,the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years.With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages,father is seldom the dominant(支配的)figure that he still was at the beginning of the century.When mother works,economic advantages increase,but children lose something of great value if mother’s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.

1.The writer compares home to a workshop because _________.

A.fathers often pursue employment at home

B.parents have to make food and necessity

C.many families produce goods at home for sale

D.both fathers and mothers in most families are workers

2.The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop.He means _____________.

A.in the past,home was more like a workshop

B.home is much more of a workshop now

C.home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer and fewer

D.home was less like a workshop in the past

3.The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their father’s occupation is __________.

A.that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work

B.that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more

C.that there is a wide choice of employment for children

D.that children also like to have jobs outside

4.What makes father no longer be the only dominant person in a family?

A.With their earning,mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life.

B.There are many choices of employment for mothers and children.

C.Father does much less for his children today than he used to.

D.The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now.

5.It is implied in this passage that ___________.

A.mothers have the practice to go to work

B.working mothers have no time to stay with their children at home

C.young wage-earners are economically independent

D.mother’s position in a family has been raised

Passage 4

Modern mass-production methods lower the cost of making goods,and thus give us better values.At the same time,American ingenuity(独创性)and science are constantly at work improving the quality of products.In this way,better quality products at good values are continually being brought to the people of all income groups.

As an example how this works,when facial tissuess(擦面用的薄纸)were first put on the market 1924,they were made in limited quantities and sole at 65 cents per box of 200.People like these facial tissues immediately and began asking for them when they went into different stores.Because there was such a demand for the product,manufacturers began making tissues in larger quantities.Because the manufacturers were making tissues in greater quantities,their production costs were lowered,so that the cost of tissues went down.In the meanwhile,the quality of facial tissues was constantly improving,because more manufcturers’went into business of making tissues,and each manufacturer strove to make his product better than his competitors.Today instead of costing 65 cents,a box of 200 facial tissues costs around one-third of that price,and they are both softer and stronger.

When people are free to compete-when they are free to make more things and make them better-everyone benefits.

1.In regard to the production of goods in greater quantities,the author states that the ___________.

A.price of the goods should drop

B.price of the goods should rise

C.quality and price should both rise

D.quality should rise and the price should drop

2.When the demand for facial tissues increased,the supply was ________.

A.quickly exhaused

B.rationed to the consumers

C.unchanged

D.increased to keep up with the demand

3.When manufactruers of facial tissues discovered how to produce tissues for less money,they reduced the __________.

A.quality so as to earn even greater profits

B.profits they anticipated from sales

C.price a consumer must pay for their product

D.standards of the entire industry

4.From this article,we can see that lower prices and improved quality occur ________.

A.as a result of the effect of one on the other

B.always at the same time

C.independently of each other

D.through the kindness of manufacturers

5.The author believes that in a nation where free enterprise exists,manufacturers will produce _________.

A.as much as they like

B.better quality goods

C.more than they are able to sell

D.both A and B.

参考答案：

Passage 1 1c 2d 3c 4a 5a

Passage 2 1b 2c 3c 4d 5b

Passage 3 1b 2a 3c 4a 5d

Passage 4 1d 2d 3c 4a 5b

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