2021年秋季北京邮电大学网络教育英语入学测试模拟题及答案21

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阅读理解

(七)

The human body naturally prevents attempt(企图)to lose or gain weight.Thus the best way to lower your weight is to do some exercise daily.Although scientists don’t agree exactly how this works to lower the“set point”,they do know that exercise helps your body work with you and not against you in at least the following ways:

1.Exercise burns calories(卡路里)-if you walk two miles every day,you use an extra 1400 calories a week—and lose about a pound in two weeks.

2.Exercise helps to burn fat and build muscle,since muscle requires more calories than fat does,the more muscle you have,the faster you will burn calories.

3.Finally exercise speeds up your metabolism(新陈代谢),not just while you’re exercising,but for several hours after exercise ends.

A program of light-to-moderate exercise done for only a half-hour a day is enough to keep your“set point”lowered,and thus helps you lose weight and keep it off.If you need to lose more than five pounds,combine regular exercise with a moderate reduction in calories until you,reach your goal(目标).

1.Scientists don’t______.

A.believe in exercise at all

B.agree exercise helps to lower people’s weight

C.think exercise helps people’s bodies work against them

D.think exercise helps people’s bodies work with them

2.Exercise helps you_______.

A.save calories and gain weight

B.save calories but lose weight

C.burn calories and lose weight

D.burn calories but gain weight

3.When you walk_______.

A.slowly,the fat in your body increases

B.fast,the fat in your body reduces

C.faster,you burn less calories

D.less,you build more muscles

4.Which of the following is not true?

A.A man of more muscles burns calories faster.

B.Exercise speeds up your metabolism even after it.

C.An hour and a half’s exercise is not enough to keep your“set point”lowered.

D.To lose more than 5 pounds,just doing exercise is not enough.

5.According to the passage,if you need to lose more than five pounds,you should_____.

A.eat less meat

B.eat more vegetables

C.combine regular exercise with a moderate reduction in calories

D.doing exercise every day

(八)

In the summer of 1897 an English doctor,Ronald Ross,worked in a field hospital in India.Ross set out to find the cause of malaria(疟疾).Ross observed that patients in the field hospital who did not have malaria were more likely to develop the deadly disease in the open wards(病房)than in wards with closed windows or screens.Ross suggested a hypothesis(假设):mosquitoes(蚊子-)in the open wards might be spreading the disease from patients with malaria to patients who did not have the disease.

Ross predicted(预言)that if mosquitoes were spreading malaria(hypothesis),then mosquitoes that had bitten malaria patients and sucked up some of their blood should have picked up the parasite(寄生虫)(prediction),which is always present in the blood of malaria victims(受害人).Ross also predicted that parasites should be alive within the mosquito.Somehow the parasites make their way from the mosquito’s stomach to its saliva(唾液)so that the parasites are transferred(迁移)with the mosquito’s saliva to the next person bitten.So if a person is bitten by a malaria-carrying mosquito,that person will receive some of the parasite in the saliva left behind by the mosquito.

Ross looked for living malaria parasites in mosquitoes that had bitten malaria patients.He carefully dissected(切开)the mosquito’s stomach and found the live parasites.

Ross carried out a control experiment,in which the condition suspected(怀疑)to cause this is compared to the same situation without the suspected condition(a control group).Nothing else is changed in any way.In Ross’s experiment,the suspected condition was mosquitoes feeding on malaria victims.As a control,Ross checked mosquitoes that had not bitten someone with the disease to see if they also contained(包含)the parasite.Gathering mosquitoes that had not yet fed,he allowed them to feed on malaria-free blood,and then he examined them.Their stomachs and saliva lacked(缺乏)the parasite.The control group of mosquitoes did not contain malaria parasite.The experiments proved that Ross’s hypothesis was correct.

Ross’s theory that malaria is transferred by mosquitoes carrying it from one person to another was an important milestone(里程碑)in medicine.Finding the cause of malaria is one of the greatest medical advances of all time.

1.Working in a field hospital,Ross observed were more likely to develop malaria.

A.patients in the field hospital

B.patients who did not have malaria

C.patients in the open wards

D.patients in wards with closed windows and screens

2.Ross’s hypothesis was that.

A.mosquitoes in the open wards might be spreading malaria

B.mosquitoes that had bitten malaria patients should have picked up the parasite

C.parasite is always present in the blood of malaria victims

D.parasite should be alive within mosquitoes that had bitten malaria patients

3.Which of the following is the way of mosquitoes’spreading malaria?

A.blood of malaria victims→mosquitoes’stomach→blood of another patient

B.parasite→mosquitoes’stomach→mosquitoes’saliva

C.patients with malaria→blood→parasite→blood

D.malaria patients→mosquitoes→person bitten by mosquitoes

4.In Ross’s control experiment.

A.the condition suspected to spread malaria was mosquitoes feeding on malaria patients

B.mosquitoes that hadn’t bitten any malaria victims also contained the parasite

C.mosquitoes were allowed to feed on blood of malaria patients

D.the stomachs and saliva of the control group of mosquitoes did not lack the parasite

5.Which of the following is not true,according to the passage?

A.the parasite is always present in the blood of malaria victims.

B.the parasites can be transferred with the mosquito’s saliva to the next person bitten

C.In the experiment,Ross found no live parasites in the mosquito’s stomach

D.Ross’s theory was an important milestone

参考答案：

(七)

1-5:CCBCC

(八)

1-5:CADAC

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