2018年12月中国人民大学网络教育统考专升本大学英语B模拟题及答案（阅读理解8）

阅读理解（8）

36、Weather has a great influence on people. It influences people's health, intelligence (智力) and feelings.

In August, it is very hot in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart disease (疾病) and other kind of health problems during the month. In the Northeast and Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. People in these places may have heart disease after the weather changes in February or March.

The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, in a 1982 study by scientists, the IQ scores of a group of students were very high during a storm, but after the storm their IQ scores were lower than usual level. So storms can increase intelligence. However, very hot weather can lower it. Students in the United States often do badly on exams in the hot months of the year.

Weather also has a strong influence on people's feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months and they may feel unhappy during cold weather. In hot summer weather, on the other hand, fat people may feel unhappy. The summer heat may make them tired and they are easy to get angry.

Are you feeling sick, sad, tired or very intelligent today? The weather may be the cause.

1）、If thin people feel unhappy, the weather may be very cold.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

2）、Students in the U.S. usually do badly on exams in December.

A.T

B.F

答案：B

3）、People in the Northeast of America usually have heart disease in March.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

4）、Storms can increase student's IQ. This discovery was made by 1982 students.

A.T

B.F

答案：B

5）、The best title for this passage is “Weather and Health.”

A.T

B.F

答案：A

37、When Li Chen got married, his wife's mother came to live with them. She was not an easy woman to live with. She was always complaining and never seemed to stop talking.

Li Chen loved his wife but her mother was making his life miserable. Unfortunately, his wife would not listen to any criticism of her mother. "She is my mother," she said. "I must respect her and so must you."

As the months passed Li Chen became more and more unhappy. If only, he thought, there was some way of stopping his mother-in-law from talking all the time. Then one day she was ill. She complained, of course. She was hot. She was cold. Her head ached. She couldn't eat. She couldn't sleep.

At last, Li Chen sent for the doctor. The doctor arrived. He examined her and then put a thermometer in her mouth. He wanted to take her temperature. "Sit quietly," he said, "and don't open your mouth." Li Chen watched with surprise as his mother-in-law lay in bed with the thermometer in her mouth closed.

For the first time since his marriage, he could not hear his mother-in-law's voice.

He walked up to the doctor, pointed at the thermometer and whispered in the doctor's ear.

"How much do you want for that thing?" he asked.

1）、His mother-in-law was making Li Chen's life miserable.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

2）、Li Chen's mother-in-law came to live with him and his wife after she got ill.

A.T

B.F

答案：B

3）、Li Chen's wife was respectful towards her mother.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

4）、The mother-in-law continued complaining when she was ill.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

5）、Li Chen wanted to buy the thermometer because he saw this thing for the first time since his marriage.

A.T

B.F

答案：B

38、Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?

It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person’s conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.

Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing.” Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, “You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.” It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.

Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths.

Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let’s not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.

1）、What does the author try to prove by citing “what kind of impression am I making?” (Para. 1)__________

A.Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.

B.People’s shyness make them care too much about their appearance and actions.

C.It’s natural that shy people don’t believe other’s compliments.

D.Shy people think they are different from others.

答案：B

2）、According to the writer, self-awareness is __________.

A.a good quality

B.the cause of unhappiness

C.harmful to people

D.a weak point of shy people

答案：A

3）、That shy people react to a compliment in such a way is ___________.

A.good

B.unreal

C.very reasonable

D.harmful

答案：D

4）、Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage? _________

A.Shyness helps us to develop our potential

B.Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better

C.Shyness can block our chances for a rich life

D.Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem

答案：C

5）、It can be inferred from the passage that shy people ________.

A.should find more of their weakness

B.should understand themselves in the right way

C.had better ignore their weakness

D.can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem

答案：B

39、Cars are lots of fun, but they could also be dangerous. We have to be careful when we drive them or ride in them.

It's always a good idea to put on your seat belt when you're in a car. Why? Think about this example: You put an egg on a skateboard and give it a push. If the skateboard hits a stone, it will stop, but the egg won't. It will fly through the air, hit the ground and break.

Now, think what would happen if you tied the egg to the skateboard. When the skateboard hits a stone, the egg won't go flying, it will stay safely on the skateboard.

Volvo, a famous Swedish car maker, was the first to use seat belts in 1849.

Air bags are also very important for car safety, because sometimes a seat belt isn't enough. If the car is going really fast and runs into something, seat belts could even hurt the people who wear them.

Most newer cars have air bags in front of and next to the seats. When a car hits something, its air bags will come out quickly - in less than one second - to keep the people inside safe.

1）、The passage mainly tells us two important ways to keep safe in cars.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

2）、The writer gives the example of the egg to show why it is important to wear a seat belt when in a car.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

3）、Seat belts can make cars safer because they are made of strong materials.

A.T

B.F

答案：B

4）、Air bags are also important for cars because they work together with seat belts to keep us safe.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

5）、The best title for this passage is Air Bags Work Well.

A.T

B.F

答案：B

40、The total area of land on earth is about 149 million square kilometers, or about 29 percent of the total area of the earth.

The average height of the land is about 750 metres above the sea level. The Eurasian（欧亚大陆的） land mass is the largest with an area of 54,527,600 square kilometers. The smallest continent is the Australian mainland, with an area of about 7,614,600 square kilometers, which together with Tasmania, New Zealand, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands, is described as Oceania.The total area of Oceania is about 8,935,500 square kilometres, including West Iran which is political in Asia.

The world's largest peninsula（半岛） is Arabia, with an area of about 3,327,500 square kilometres. The largest island in the world is Greenland, with an area of about 2,175,600 square kilometres.

The largest island surrounded by fresh water is the Ilha de Marajo (4,022 square kilometres) in the mouth of the Amazon River, Brazil. The largest island in a lake is Manitoulin Island (2,766 square kilometres) in the Canadian section of Lake Huron. This island itself has on it a lake of 106 square kilometres called Manitou Lake, in which there are several islands.

1）、The total area of the world is about 211 million square kilometers.

A.T

B.F

答案：B

2）、The area of Tasmania, New Zealand, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands adds up to about 1,320,900 square kilometres.

A.T

B.F

答案：A

3）、Oceania is made up of Australia, New Guinea and the Pacific Islands.

A.T

B.F

答案：B